Instructional design can be interpreted from different perspectives, such as discipline, as a science, as a system, and as a process. As a discipline, instructional design research and discuss various theories about the strategy and process development and implementation of learning. As a science, a science of instructional design to create the specification development, implementation, assessment, and management of situations that provide learning facilities in the macro and micro scale for various subjects at various levels of complexity. As a system, the design of learning is a learning system development and system implementation including the means and procedures to improve the quality of learning. Instructional design as a process of systematic development of the specification of learning by using learning theory and learning theory to guarantee the quality of learning. Instructional design is the overall process of learning needs and goals as well as its delivery system. Included is the development of materials and learning activities, materials testing and evaluation, and implementation of learning activities.
Thus we can conclude the preparation of instructional design is the practice of media and communication technologies to help fill that knowledge transfer can take place effectively between teachers and learners. This process contains the determination of the initial status of student understanding, the formulation of learning objectives, and designing the "treatment"-based media to help the transition. Ideally, this process is based on information from the theory of learning that has been tested pedagogical and can occur only on the students, guided by the teacher, or in community-based setting.
Some definition of instructional design according to some experts:
1. According to Reigeluth (1983); instructional design is the lattice of the application of learning theory and learning to facilitate the process of learning one's
2. According to Rothwell-Kazana (1992); formulate the design of learning by improving the quality of one's performance and impact to the organization
3. Gagne, et al (1992); developed the design concept of learning by stating that the design of learning helps the learning process one in which the learning process itself has immediate and long-term stage
4. Gentry (1994); is a process of formulating and determining learning objectives, strategies, techniques and media in order to achieve common goals
5. Raiser (2002); instructional design was shaped as a series of procedures to develop a system of education and training programs with a consistent and proven.
Refference:
· Dadang Supriatna, M.Ed, Mochamad Mulyadi, ST, M.Ed, (2009). Konsep Dasar Desain Pembelajaran. Pusat Pengembangan Dan Pemberdayaan Pendidik Dan Tenaga Kependidikan Taman Kanak Kanak Dan Pendidikan Luar Biasa
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar